The Supremacy of Patient Safety: Juridical and Empirical Analysis of Emergency Medical Care
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54518/rh.5.6.2025.860Keywords:
Aegroti Salus Lex Suprema, Emergency Medical Services, Health Law, Legal Protection, Patient SafetyAbstract
The principle of Aegroti Salus Lex Suprema (Patient Safety is the Supreme Law) forms the ethical and legal core of healthcare, strictly prohibiting the refusal of patients in emergency conditions, as codified in the Indonesian Health Law, Law Number 17 of 2023. However, documented cases show a persistent gap between this legal mandate and clinical reality, often due to administrative priorities. This study aims to explicitly examine the legal foundation of the Aegroti Salus Lex Suprema principle and to analyze its concrete implementation. This study employs a sociological-juridical approach with a case study methodology to analyze the legal basis and the concrete implementation of this principle in emergency practice. Primary data, collected via interviews and observation, supplemented by secondary legal materials, were analyzed qualitatively. Findings indicate that this Islamic hospital institutionalizes Aegroti Salus Lex Suprema through rigorous internal regulations, including staff credentialing, establishing a maximum 5-minute response time, implementing triage protocols, and creating detailed resuscitation guidelines. The study concludes that this Islamic hospital successfully fulfills its social and legal duty by embedding patient safety as the highest institutional priority, providing a strategic model for minimizing malpractice risks and enhancing life-saving accountability across Indonesian healthcare facilities.
Downloads
References
Asshiddiqie, J. (2006). Hukum tata negara dan pilar-pilar demokrasi: Serpihan pemikiran hukum. Jakarta: Konstitusi Press.
Chong, J., & Kim, Y. (2022). Legal responsibility for emergency department overcrowding: A comparative study. International Journal of Health Law, 33(4), 450–470.
Dewi, L. P., & Santoso. (2020). Penolakan pelayanan kesehatan oleh tenaga medis: Perspektif hukum pidana dan etik. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, 15(2), 98–112.
Firma, F. R., Jusri, E., & Sapsudin, A. (2025). Comparative review of informed consent as a legal safeguard in healthcare: Perspectives from Indonesia and others countries. Research Horizon, 5(4), 1265–1280.
Hamzah, A. (2018). Hukum pidana kedokteran. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika.
Haryanto, G., Ambarwati, E., & Lany, A. (2025). Legal protection for medical personnel in BPJS affiliated hospitals based on Law Number 17 of 2023. Research Horizon, 5(4), 1513–1522.
Hemadhanita, B. (2024). Tanggung jawab rumah sakit terkait penolakan pasien gawat darurat berdasarkan asas Aegroti Salus Suprema Lex. Jurnal Fakultas Hukum UNSRAT Lex Administratum, 12(3), 145–162.
Hossein, A. (2024). Woman with flu died after 10 hours in hospital corridor. Retrieved on July 2, 2025, from https://www.brightonandhovenews.org/
Huda, M. N. (2020). Tanggung jawab hukum rumah sakit dalam kasus malpraktik medis. Jakarta: Prenada Media.
Indonesia. (1945). Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in 1945.
Indonesia. (2018). Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 47 of 2018 concerning Emergency Services.
Indonesia. (2023). Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 17 of 2023 concerning Health.
Kamaluddin. (2024). Balita demam tinggi disebut ditolak berobat di Puskesmas Torjun Sampang. Retrieved on July 2, 2025, from https://jatim.detik.com/
Legislative Body of the House of Representatives of the Republic of Indonesia. (2023). Academic Manuscript of the Draft Law on Health. Jakarta: DPR RI.
Mochtar, K. (2017). Prinsip-prinsip etika kedokteran dan hukum kesehatan. Depok: Rajawali Pers.
Naurah, G. (2025). Analysis of hospital legal responsibility in cases of refusal of emergency patients based on Law No. 17 of 2023 concerning health. Legal Brief, 14(3), 495–505.
Nugraha, P. (2018). Keselamatan pasien dan asas perlindungan. Jurnal Soepra, 3(1), 1–15.
Ombudsman RI. (2025). Kasus penolakan pasien di RSUD Dr Rasidin, Ombudsman: CCTV tak berfungsi saat kejadian. Retrieved on July 2, 2025, from https://ombudsman.go.id/perwakilan/news/r/pwkmedia--kasus-penolakan-pasien-di-rsud-dr-rasidin-ombudsman-cctv-tak-berfungsi-saat-kejadian
Panji, G. Y. (2025). Etik dan medikolegal penanganan kegawatdaruratan. Penanganan Awal Kegawatdaruratan, 3(2), 78–92.
`Prakoso, J. T. (2021). The role of medical ethics in mitigating emergency malpractice claims. Asian Journal of Law and Society, 10(1), 121–140.
Prastyo, A. R., Yudiman, T., & Lany, A. (2025). Legal certainty of intercontinental traditional health workers in Indonesia. Research Horizon, 5(4), 1293–1304.
Rahman, F., Margaretha, & Sapsudin, A. (2025). Legal issues in limiting authority of health professional organizations after Indonesia’s 2023 Health Law enactment. Research Horizon, 5(4), 1501–1512.
Setiawan, L. R. D. (2019). Hospital by laws: Implikasi penerapannya. Journal Unram, 4(1), 34–48.
Sumeru, F. A. K. (2023). Perlindungan hukum terhadap diskresi tindakan medis dalam kondisi kedaruratan yang dianggap sebagai tindakan malpraktek berdasarkan Undang-Undang Praktik Kedokteran. Jurnal Pendidikan dan Konseling, 5(1), 460–465.
Suryadi, A. (2019). Hukum kedokteran: Tanggung jawab dan perlindungan. Pustaka Timur.
Tamon, O., Setiawan, E. W., & Sapsudin, A. (2025). Legal protection for doctors under Law Number 17 of 2023 concerning health. Research Horizon, 5(4), 1281–1292.
The Guardian. (2023). Sussex NHS trust apologises for cancer treatment delays before man’s death. Retrieved on July 2, 2025, from https://www.theguardian.com/
Wicaksono, E. N. (2025). Penolakan pasien emergency oleh rumah sakit akibat regulasi BPJS Kesehatan: Perspektif hukum dan etika. Jurnal Humaya, 5(1), 60–73.
Widiarty, W. S. (2024). Buku ajar metode penelitian hukum. Yogyakarta: Publika Global Media.
World Health Organization. (2018). Global strategy on people-centred and integrated health services (WHO/HIS/SDS/2016.4). Geneva: WHO Press.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
