The Sharia Banking Dispute Settlement Forum as the Principle of Freedom of Contract Post Decision of  the Constitutional Court No. 93/PUU-X/2012

Khamidah Nurzahiroh; Edelweiss Putri

Authors

Khamidah Nurzahiroh Universitas Islam Indonesia, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia
Edelweiss Premaulidiani Putri Universitas Islam Indonesia, Sleman, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia

Keywords:

Islamic Banking, Dispute Resolution, Judicial Review, Religious Courts, Legal Framework

Abstract

The resolution of disputes in Islamic banking saw significant changes through the judicial review of Article 55 of Law no. 21 of 2008 in Indonesia. Before this review, Islamic banking disputes were typically handled in courts based on the contract terms. Article 55, paragraph (2), allowed parties to settle disputes in accordance with the contents of the contract using alternative methods, creating confusion. Some banks chose district courts instead of religious courts, which had exclusive jurisdiction. This interpretation, extending freedom of contract to forum selection, created ambiguity. Constitutional court decision No. 93/PUU-X/2012 aimed to clarify matters and reinforced religious courts’ authority in Sharia banking dispute resolution. However, the principle of freedom of contract still plays a role in forum selection, albeit with limitations. This raises two key questions: First, does Constitutional Court Decision No. 93/PUU-X/2012 align with the principle of freedom of contract? Second, what are the legal consequences regarding Islamic banking dispute resolution? According to the judicial review, religious courts now unequivocally have the authority to resolve sharia banking disputes. Any agreement to settle disputes in general courts is considered null and void as it contradicts existing laws and regulations.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahmed, H. (2014). Islamic banking and Shari’ah compliance: a product development perspective. Journal of Islamic finance., 3(2), 15-29.

Baihaki, A., & Prasetya, M. R. B. (2021). Kewenangan Absolut Pengadilan Agama Dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Ekonomi Syariah Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012. Krtha Bhayangkara, 15(2), 289-308.

Baktiar, A., & Aedy, H. (2017). Murabahah Implementation in Islamic Bank (Study at Bank Muamalat Kendari Branch). IOSR Journal of Economics and Finance, 8(5), 13-27.

Bonciani, D., & Van Roye, B. (2016). Uncertainty shocks, banking frictions and economic activity. Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, 73, 200-219.

El Qudsie, U., & Muhyidin, M. (2019). Hubungan antara Konsep Choice of Forum dan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak dalam Pembuatan Akad Perbankan Syariah. Diponegoro Law Journal, 8(4), 2835-2845.

Hudiata, E. (2018). Asas Kepastian Hukum dan Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak sebagai Pertimbangan Utama dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbankan Syariah (Kajian Yuridis Putusan MK Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012). Jurnal Hukum dan Peradilan, 3(1), 69-84.

Ichsan, A. (1967). Hukum Perdata. Jakarta: Pembimbing Masa.

Kitab Uundang-Undang Hukum Perdata

Lebdaoui, H., & Wild, J. (2016). Islamic banking presence and economic growth in Southeast Asia. International Journal of Islamic and Middle Eastern Finance and Management, 9(4), 551-569.

Lisa, O. (2016). Determinants Distribution of Financing and the Implications to Profitability: Empirical Study on Cooperative Sharia Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) in Indonesia. Asian Journal of Accounting Research, 1(2), 44-51.

Mertokusumo, S. (1999). Mengenal Hukum Suatu Pengantar. Cetakan Kedua, Liberty, Yogyakarta.

Niepmann, F., & Schmidt-Eisenlohr, T. (2017). International trade, risk and the role of banks. Journal of International Economics, 107, 111-126.

Pamuji, A. E., Supandi, A. F., & Sa’diyah, M. (2022). Islamic Financial Institutions as Strengthening The Economy of The Ummah (Study on The Application of Shariah Agreements in Islamic Financial Institutions). OECONOMICUS Journal of Economics, 7(1), 24-36.

Pramudita, N. D. (2022). The Impact of Macro Economic Factors on the Fed Funds Rate in South East Asian Emerging Markets. International Journal Of Economics And Finance Studies, 14(1), 340-357.

Putusan Nomor 93/PUU-X/2012, n.d.

Raka, G. (2018). Dualisme Kewenangan Peradilan dalam Sengketa Perbankan Syariah Pasca Keputusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 93/Puu-X/2012. Cepalo, 2(1), 55-66.

Rasyid, A., & Putri, T. A. (2019). Kewenangan Lembaga Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbankan Syariah. Jurnal Yudisial, 12(2), 159-177.

Sjaiful, M. (2015). Karakteristik Asas Kebebasan Berkontrak dalam Perjanjian Berbasis Syariah. Perspektif Hukum, 68-84.

Sugiannur, S., Imam, W. Z., & Rumkel, N. (2020). Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Putusan Pengadilan Negeri terkait dengan Kompetensi Absolut dalam Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbankan Syariah. Khairun Law Journal, 4(1), 29-42.

Suparji, S., & Roni, M. A. (2021). Analisis Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi No. 93/PUUX/2012 Terhadap Penyelesaian Sengketa Perbankan Syariah Di Indonesia. Jurnal Magister Ilmu Hukum, 2(1), 1-12.

Syaifuddin, M. (2012). Hukum Kontrak (Memahami Kontrak Dalam Prespektif Filsafat, Teori, Dogmatik, Dan Praktik Hukum Seri Pengayaan Hukum Perikatan. Bandung: CV. MAndar Maju.