Cybercrime Regulation and Criminal Law Strategies for Prevention and Countermeasures in Indonesia

Abstract

The development of information technology has created new opportunities for cybercrime and generated challenges for Indonesia’s criminal justice system. This study aims to analyze the regulation of cybercrime within the Indonesian criminal law system and examine criminal law strategies for its prevention and countermeasures. This research employs a normative-empirical method with a qualitative approach by examining legislation, legal documents, and relevant academic literature. The analysis focuses on the Criminal Code, the Electronic Information and Transactions Law, the Personal Data Protection Law, and the Telecommunications Law. The findings indicate that Indonesia has established a broad legal framework for addressing cybercrime, particularly through Law Number 1 of 2024 as the Second Amendment to the Electronic Information and Transactions Law. However, law enforcement continues to face challenges concerning jurisdiction, offender identification, technological developments, institutional capacity, and electronic evidence. Therefore, effective cybercrime countermeasures require an integrated approach combining penal and non-penal policies, digital literacy, electronic evidence management, institutional capacity building, personal data protection, and international cooperation. Strengthening regulatory harmonization and adaptive law enforcement is essential to ensure effective legal protection in the digital environment.