Copyright Protection of Artificial Intelligence-Based Works in Indonesian Legal Perspective

Abstract

The development of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transformed the process of creating literary, artistic, musical, and other creative works, while simultaneously creating new challenges for copyright protection. This study aims to analyze the legal status of AI-assisted works and examine their legal protection under Indonesian copyright law. This research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. The primary legal material is Law Number 28 of 2014 concerning Copyright, supported by relevant academic literature on AI and intellectual property. The results indicate that AI cannot currently be recognized as an independent copyright author under Indonesian law because copyright protection remains centered on human creativity. Protection may therefore be granted to AI-assisted works when sufficient human creative contribution can be identified. However, works generated with minimal human involvement raise uncertainty concerning originality and ownership. AI development also creates potential copyright infringement through the use of protected works in training processes and through outputs that may substantially resemble existing works. Therefore, Indonesian copyright law requires adaptive interpretation and further regulatory development to provide legal certainty while maintaining protection for human creativity.