Research Horizon

Workload and Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Employee Performance: The Mediating Role of Job Satisfaction

Gita Dwi Alifah, Imbuh Sulistyarini — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Employee performance in public sector organizations is influenced by various factors, including workload, organizational citizenship behavior, and job satisfaction, yet their interplay remains underexplored. This study aims to examine the effects of workload and organizational citizenship behavior on employee performance, with job satisfaction as a mediating factor. Data were collected through an online survey from 321 employees at the Ministry of Finance of the Republic of Indonesia and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling to evaluate relationships between variables. The findings reveal that organizational citizenship behavior and job satisfaction positively enhance employee performance, while workload does not significantly hinder it. Job satisfaction mediates the relationships between workload, organizational citizenship behavior, and employee performance, indicating that a supportive work environment can mitigate workload challenges. The study concludes that fostering organizational citizenship behavior and ensuring job satisfaction are critical for improving employee performance, even under demanding workloads. These insights offer practical guidance for public sector organizations to optimize human resource management, though further research is needed to explore these dynamics across diverse contexts.

The Effect of Liquidity, Leverage, and Firm Size on Firm Value with Profitability as a Moderating Variable

Yoga Supriyatna, Taufik Akbar — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

In recent years, the Indonesian food and beverage sector has faced significant challenges, including rising raw material costs, declining purchasing power, and upcoming excise taxes, which have impacted stock prices and investor confidence. This study examines the effects of liquidity, leverage, and firm size on firm value, with profitability as a moderating variable. Employing a quantitative associative design, the research utilized a purposive sampling technique to select 28 companies from a population of 129 firms, observed over a three-year period (2021-2023). Data were analyzed using panel data regression in EViews 13. The results indicate that both liquidity and leverage have a significant positive impact on firm value. In contrast, firm size was found to have no significant effect. A key finding is the moderating role of profitability: it effectively strengthens the relationships between both liquidity and leverage with firm value. However, profitability was not a significant moderator for the relationship between firm size and firm value. These findings underscore the critical roles of financial structure and profitability in enhancing firm value, while suggesting that the influence of sheer size may be more nuanced or contingent on other factors not captured in this model.

The Influence of Flexible Working Hours, Work-Life Balance, and Compensation on Gen Z

Weny Purnamasari, Aris Setiyani, Nunung Ayu Sofiati, Yoyo Sudaryo — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Amid rapidly evolving workplace dynamics, job satisfaction and motivation have become pivotal in shaping employee productivity and loyalty, forming the foundation of this study’s investigation. This study aims to analyze the influence of flexible working hours, work-life balance, and compensations on employee satisfaction, with employee motivation serving as a mediating variable specifically among Generation Z employees in the manufacturing and service sectors in Bandung. A quantitative approach was applied using descriptive and verification methods. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 200 purposively selected respondents. The results indicate that the implementation of the three independent variables remains suboptimal, with average scores falling below the “good” category. Notably, flexible working hours and compensations showed a direct negative impact on both motivation and job satisfaction. Conversely, work-life balance had a strong positive effect on both variables. An interesting finding emerged when employee motivation was tested as a mediating variable: in some cases, motivation weakened the positive impact on satisfaction, suggesting a possible misalignment between the type of motivation provided and Generation Z’s internal expectations. This study highlights the urgent need for HR strategies that are responsive and aligned with Gen Z values and preferences to sustainably enhance employee satisfaction.

The Moderating Role of Profitability in the Effect of Independent Commissioners and Capital Structure on Firm Value

Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The value of a company is a crucial indicator for investors as it reflects management’s effectiveness and future growth prospects. In Indonesia’s manufacturing sector, fluctuations in company value often arise from both governance and financial decisions, making it important to explore internal determinants. This study aims to empirically test whether profitability can moderate the influence of independent commissioners and capital structure on company value. This study uses secondary data from financial reports of manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for the period 2021-2023. There were 84 populations in this study, then based on the criteria, 33 samples were obtained with a research period of 3 years, resulting in 99 samples. The results of this study indicate that profitability can moderate the effect of independent commissioners on company value, but profitability is less able to moderate the effect of capital structure on company value. The results reveal that independent commissioners and capital structure significantly affect company value. Profitability strengthens the effect of independent commissioners but does not moderate the impact of capital structure. These findings highlight the importance of governance effectiveness and financial strategies in enhancing firm value while emphasizing profitability as a catalyst for governance effectiveness.

Criminal and Civil Responsibility of Hospital for Negligence of Nurses Who Inject Wrong Medicine

Ridho Cahya Dewangga, Kiagus Handrian Parikesit, Asep Sapsudin — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Medical negligence, especially nursing errors in administering drugs, can have serious impacts on patients and give rise to legal liability. This research aims to analyze the forms of criminal and civil liability of hospitals for negligence committed by nurses. Using a qualitative approach, this research collected data through in-depth interviews with health legal experts, medical practitioners, and related legal documentation. The research results show that nurse negligence can be subject to criminal sanctions in accordance with the Criminal Code if it causes injury or death to a patient. On the other hand, hospitals as institutions are civilly responsible based on the doctrine of vicarious liability, where hospitals can be asked for compensation for mistakes made by medical personnel. Determination of liability is influenced by various factors, including error rates, compliance with standard operating procedures, and internal hospital policies. This research makes an important contribution to understanding the legal dimensions of medical negligence and offers recommendations for strengthening regulations and safer medical practices.

Analysis of the Implementation of Online Attendance on Civil Servant Discipline

Berlian Magdalena Hulu, Yoel Melsaro Larosa — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Improving civil servant discipline is vital for effective public services, yet manual attendance systems often allow tardiness and data manipulation, especially in remote areas like Alasa Sub-District, North Nias Regency. This study aims to measure the discipline level of civil servants after implementing an online attendance system, identify obstacles and supporting factors, and propose policy recommendations to enhance discipline through digital tools. Using a descriptive quantitative approach, the study surveyed all 17 civil servants at the Alasa Sub-District Office, collecting data through observations, Likert-scale questionnaires, three months of attendance records, and interviews with leaders and staff. The findings show a 95% attendance rate, an 8% tardiness rate, and no unexcused absences, with a questionnaire score averaging 4.32 out of 5, indicating high discipline. Internet disruptions and limited digital literacy were key obstacles, while leadership support and community expectations aided success. The study concludes that the online attendance system significantly improves civil servant discipline, offering a practical tool for fostering accountability. Strengthening infrastructure and training can further enhance its impact, supporting better public service delivery in remote regions.

Legal Protection for Domestic Investors Based on Investment Agreements in Indonesia

Dedi Martua Siregar — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study discusses legal protection for domestic investors in investment agreements in Indonesia, especially in the context of cooperation between the private sector and the government and limited liability companies. Domestic investment has an important role in supporting national economic growth, but in practice investors often face legal risks in the form of default, unilateral termination of agreements, and weak law enforcement. Using a normative juridical approach that is descriptive and analytical, this study analyzes various legal provisions that govern investor protection, such as the principle of legal certainty, the principle of pacta sunt servanda, and the right of investors to sue for compensation in accordance with the Civil Code and Law Number 25 of 2007 concerning Investment. The results of the study show that legal certainty and dispute resolution mechanisms are fundamental aspects that determine the effectiveness of legal protection for investors. The state has an obligation to provide assurance, protection, and access to fair legal remedies when there is a violation of the agreement. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen regulations and legal implementation in order to create a healthy, sustainable investment climate, and encourage the active participation of domestic investors in national economic development.

Analyzing Japanese Keigo (Honorifics) Acquisition Challenges Faced by Non-Native Advanced Language Learners

Umul Khasanah, Novi Andari — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Japanese Keigo, or honorifics, is a vital part of the language, reflecting respect, humility, and social hierarchy, but it poses significant challenges for non-native advanced learners due to its complex rules and cultural nuances. This study aims to explore the specific difficulties these learners face and identify effective strategies to overcome them. A qualitative literature review was used to analyze existing research on Keigo acquisition, focusing on cognitive and sociocultural barriers. Findings reveal that learners struggle with choosing the right Keigo form, such as respectful or humble language, in different social settings, often due to limited real-world practice and unfamiliarity with Japan’s hierarchical norms. Confusion over verb forms and a lack of natural exposure further complicate mastery, as does the absence of direct feedback in Japanese culture. The study concludes that immersion in authentic contexts, targeted teaching of cultural expectations, and regular feedback can help learners navigate Keigo’s complexities. By addressing these challenges, educators can better support advanced learners in achieving fluency and cultural competence in Japanese communication.

Implementation of the Regional Hospital Management Information System to Improve the Quality of Operational Services

Adila Khairani Br Tambunan, Muhammad Irwan Padli Nasution, Nurbaiti — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The increasing demand for fast, accurate, and efficient healthcare services has encouraged hospitals to integrate technology into their operations. This study aims to analyze the impact of implementing the Hospital Management Information System on the quality of operational services in the registration department of Aek Kanopan Regional General Hospital. A descriptive quantitative approach with a one-group pretest–posttest design was used to measure changes in employees’ perceptions before and after system implementation. Data were collected from 60 employees selected from a total of 150 using Slovin’s formula with a 10% margin of error, and analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed an increase in the mean score of the Hospital Management Information System from 19.9 to 20.6 and in service quality from 20.3 to 20.9, with significance values of 0.007 and 0.029 (p < 0.05), indicating significant improvement. The system enhanced work efficiency, service speed, data accuracy, and inter-unit coordination, although issues such as limited training and network instability remain challenges. Strengthening infrastructure, providing continuous training, and regular evaluations are recommended to optimize the system’s effectiveness and improve hospital service quality.

Prince Hidayatullah-Based Learning Model for Student Character Development

Mansyur, Dasim Budimansyah, Wahyu, Encep Syarief Nurdin — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The issue of character development in higher education remains a crucial challenge in preparing students to become responsible and value-driven individuals. To address this, local historical figures can serve as exemplary models in the learning process, particularly in strengthening students’ moral and cultural foundations. This study aims to develop and examine the effectiveness of the Prince Hidayatullah Exemplary-Based Learning Model as an alternative approach to character education in universities. A qualitative approach with descriptive-qualitative methods was employed to explore the implementation and outcomes of the model. The findings reveal that the model effectively fosters key values, including responsibility, nationalism, integrity, and religiosity. The role of local historical figures proved to be a strong medium for emotional and cultural internalization of values, influencing students’ attitudes and behaviors. The study concludes that integrating exemplary figures into value-based curricula is highly relevant to the current educational context. Moreover, it emphasizes the importance of reflective learning as a strategy for character formation. This model not only aligns with the Merdeka Belajar policy but also offers a contextually grounded framework for strengthening character in higher education.

The Influence of Institutional Ownership and Audit Quality on The Quality of Financial Reporting Mediated by Internal Control

Reza Satrio Azi, Taufik Akbar — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The increasing importance of financial transparency in manufacturing firms highlights the need to understand the factors influencing financial reporting quality. This study investigates the effects of institutional ownership and audit quality on financial reporting quality, with internal control as an intervening variable. The research population consists of 50 manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2021 to 2024. Purposive sampling was employed to select the sample, and secondary data were collected from the BEI website. Data analysis was conducted using Eviews 12 software. The results reveal that institutional ownership significantly impacts internal control, audit quality also influences internal control, institutional ownership affects financial reporting quality, audit quality does not significantly impact financial reporting quality, internal control positively affects financial reporting quality; institutional ownership does not influence financial reporting quality through internal control, indicating partial mediation; and audit quality does not affect financial reporting quality through internal control, demonstrating complete mediation.

The Effect of Ownership Structure on Sustainability Reporting: The Moderating Role of Board Diversity

Siska Putri Ramahdani, Deden Tarmidi — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Sustainability reporting has emerged as a vital mechanism for demonstrating corporate accountability. However, many companies in Indonesia continue to disregard the environmental and social consequences of their operations despite the existence of regulatory requirements. This study investigates the influence of ownership structure on sustainability reporting disclosure, focusing on concentrated ownership, public ownership, and institutional ownership, with board diversity examined as a moderating factor. A quantitative approach was applied to 66 industrial sub-sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2021 to 2023, using purposive sampling. Data were analyzed through multiple linear regression and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA) with the Stata software. The results indicate that concentrated ownership positively and significantly affects sustainability reporting, whereas public and institutional ownership show negative effects. Furthermore, board diversity weakens the positive relationship between concentrated ownership and sustainability reporting, while strengthening the effects of public and institutional ownership. These findings demonstrate that ownership structure and board diversity jointly shape corporate transparency and accountability in sustainability reporting. The study concludes that enhancing gender diversity within boards can strengthen governance mechanisms, promote stakeholder trust, and encourage companies to adopt more comprehensive sustainability disclosure practices.

The Effect of Profitability, Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure, and Capital Intensity on Tax Avoidance

Rizki Edo, Nengzih Nengzih — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Tax avoidance remains a persistent issue in Indonesia’s manufacturing sector, which plays a major role in national GDP yet remains vulnerable to regulatory loopholes. This study aims to analyze the effects of profitability, capital intensity, and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on tax avoidance, while examining firm size as a moderating variable. Using purposive sampling, the research selected 30 manufacturing firms listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2019–2023, yielding 150 firm-year observations. Secondary data were obtained from annual reports, and analysis was conducted using panel data regression with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results reveal that profitability has a significant negative effect on tax avoidance, indicating that more profitable firms tend to comply with tax regulations to maintain legitimacy and reputation. In contrast, CSR and capital intensity show no significant influence, and firm size does not moderate any of these relationships. These findings suggest that financial performance plays a greater role than structural or disclosure factors in determining tax behavior. The study contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the determinants of tax avoidance in Indonesia’s manufacturing sector and offers policy implications for tax authorities to strengthen oversight of low-profit firms vulnerable to aggressive tax planning.

Do Sharia-Indexed Firms Enhance ESG Disclosure? Evidence from Indonesian Mining

Meilenia Rahma Salisa, Yudisthira Jannata Muhammad Isa — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study explores the influence of asset retirement obligations and firm size on environmental, social, and governance disclosure, with Sharia index inclusion as a moderating factor among mining companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) from 2021 to 2024. The aim is to assess how environmental liabilities and organizational resources affect environmental, social, and governance disclosure and whether Sharia compliance modifies these relationships, contributing to ESG and Islamic finance literature. The research analyzes panel data from mining firms using moderated regression to evaluate the impact of asset retirement obligations, firm size, and Sharia index inclusion on environmental, social, and governance disclosure. Findings show that of asset retirement obligations and firm size positively influence ESG disclosure, driven by transparency needs and resource availability. However, Sharia index inclusion does not strengthen the asset retirement obligations environmental, social, and governance link, as firms view reclamation as a financial burden rather than a sustainability commitment. Conversely, it enhances the firm size-environmental, social, and governance relationship, reflecting higher stakeholder expectations for Sharia-compliant firms. The study highlights of asset retirement obligations and firm size as key drivers of ESG disclosure, with Sharia compliance amplifying the size effect but not environmental commitments. It offers practical insights for regulators, investors, and managers to foster sustainable governance in resource-intensive sectors.

Comparison of SAW, AHP, and TOPSIS Methods in a Decision Support System for Teacher Performance Evaluation

Bernadete Deta, Sesilia M. Ina Bedanaen — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Teachers are one of the important elements that schools must have in order to improve educational services. Teachers must always be motivated to provide the best educational services to their students, so that schools can improve the quality of schools to become great flagship schools. One effort to improve school quality is by evaluating teacher performance assessments. Conducting teacher performance assessments is an analytical process that aims to create better teaching and educational services. The teacher performance assessment process is still carried out manually and no specific methods are applied. With an assessment that is not detailed, it is feared that there will be subjective assessments and can have an impact on some parties that may be unfavorable. Therefore, to overcome the resulting decisions, a decision support system is needed by applying the SAW, AHP, and TOPSIS methods. Based on the results of the accuracy and suitability levels, the comparison of the total percentage of the SAW, AHP, and TOPSIS methods on both types of teacher performance regulations has the same suitability percentage of 99.99% and the same accuracy level of 100%, but there are differences in each resulting preference value.

Nutritional Value Analysis of Dried Noodles with the Addition of Tuna (Thunnus sp.) and Skipjack (Katsuwonus Pelamis)

Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Dried noodles are a popular food in Indonesia, but their nutritional value is often limited due to high carbohydrate content. This study aimed to develop nutrient-rich dried noodles by adding tuna and skipjack fish, evaluating their sensory quality and nutritional composition to support healthier diets and food diversification. The research used a completely randomized design to compare noodles made with tuna and skipjack fish. Fifteen panelists assessed taste, color, aroma, and texture on a scale from poor to very good, while nutritional content, including moisture, ash, protein, fat, and carbohydrates, was analyzed using standard laboratory methods. Results showed that skipjack noodles had higher protein (18.324%) and mineral content (1.735%) than tuna noodles (14.193% protein, 1.535% mineral), with both rated good to very good for sensory qualities, especially skipjack for its vibrant color. However, moisture levels (22–25%) exceeded industry standards, suggesting shelf-life challenges. In conclusion, both noodle types offer enhanced nutrition and consumer appeal, with skipjack noodles being more protein-rich, making them a promising option for improving dietary protein intake, though better drying methods are needed for commercial viability.

Asset-Based Community Development and Digital Technology Impact on MSMEs’ Sustainable Competitive Advantage

Laode Baka, Muhammad Guntur Dano, Muhammad Irzhan Sungkan Umaremba — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to analyze the influence of product innovation, community asset-based development, and proactive marketing on sustainable competitive advantage by considering the moderating role of digital technology in micro, small, and medium enterprises in Muna Regency. This study used a quantitative approach with an explanatory research design and involved 214 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The research instrument was a closed-ended questionnaire with a five-point Likert scale, and data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The results showed that product innovation had a significant effect on proactive marketing, but did not have a direct effect on sustainable competitive advantage. Conversely, the effect of product innovation on sustainable competitive advantage was mediated by proactive marketing. In addition, community asset-based development was shown to have a positive effect on both proactive marketing and sustainable competitive advantage. Proactive marketing itself made a significant contribution to sustainable competitive advantage. Digital technology has a diverse moderating role, namely strengthening the relationship between community asset-based development and sustainable competitive advantage, but weakening the relationship between product innovation and sustainable competitive advantage, and not significantly affecting the relationship between proactive marketing and sustainable competitive advantage. These findings underscore the importance of integrating innovation, community, marketing, and digital technology into MSME strategies to build sustainable competitiveness amidst market dynamics.

Exploring Consumer Credit Impact on Debtor Welfare at Bank Branch Office

Ronald Zeth Kapisa, Elina Relawaty Situmorang, Simson Werimon — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Household consumption represents a key driver of regional economic growth, as it influences aggregate demand and contributes substantially to gross regional domestic product. Access to consumer credit offered by financial institutions enables households to maintain consumption stability and fulfill essential needs, potentially enhancing welfare. However, if mismanaged, credit may result in excessive financial burdens and reduced quality of life. This study aims to examine the effect of consumer credit on debtor welfare. A quantitative approach was applied using a simple linear regression analysis, with data collected through questionnaires distributed to consumer credit debtors. The results indicate a statistically significant positive effect of consumer credit on debtor welfare, as shown by a regression coefficient of 0.587 and a significance value below 0.05. These findings suggest that increased access to credit contributes to improved household welfare. The study highlights the importance of strengthening credit service quality and promoting responsible financial behavior to ensure that consumer credit functions as a tool for improving welfare rather than creating financial distress. Insights from this research can support banks and local governments in formulating policies that enhance financial inclusion and sustainable economic well-being.

The Role of Business Performance in Mediating Relationship between Triple Bottom Line and Business Survival

Asraf; Nofal Supriaddin, Sri Ayu Ningtyas — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This study investigates the influence of the Triple Bottom Line (TBL), comprising economic, social, and environmental dimensions, on business performance and business sustainability, with business performance functioning as a mediating variable. A quantitative research design was employed, collecting data from 208 business respondents through a structured questionnaire, which was then analyzed using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings indicate that all three TBL dimensions have a significant impact on both business performance and sustainability, with the social dimension showing the strongest effect in enhancing performance and supporting business survival. Furthermore, business performance positively influences sustainability and serves as a significant mediator in the relationship between the social dimension and business survival, whereas its mediating role is not significant for the economic and environmental dimensions. Theoretically, this study contributes to the literature by emphasizing the critical role of business performance as an intermediary mechanism within the TBL framework, particularly in relation to the social dimension. Practically, the results suggest that business actors should focus on social-oriented strategies, such as improving employee satisfaction, ensuring fair compensation, and empowering communities, to strengthen sustainability. Additionally, the study offers recommendations for policymakers to facilitate and support sustainable business practices among small and medium enterprises.

Analysis of Factors Influencing Interest in Cryptocurrency Investment

Andini, Poppy Indriany — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The rapid digital transformation and growing popularity of cryptocurrencies have reshaped investment behavior worldwide, particularly in emerging economies where access to digital assets is expanding alongside financial literacy challenges. This study aimed to systematically examine the influence of knowledge, experience, risk tolerance, and peer influence on individual interest in investing in crypto assets within the cryptocurrency community in Palembang City. This study employed a causal associative approach with a quantitative approach. Data collection was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 225 participants, identified based on research criteria and representing members of the crypto community. Data analysis was conducted using Structural Equation Modeling Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) with the assistance of SmartPLS software version 4.1.0.9. The analysis findings indicate that, partially, the variables knowledge, experience, and peer influence significantly influence interest in investing in cryptocurrency. Meanwhile, risk tolerance did not have a significant effect. A simultaneous review of all four variables demonstrated a strong statistical relationship with an individual’s interest in investing. The findings of this study align with the concept of the theory of planned behavior, which theoretically emphasizes that attitudes, subjective norms, and perceptions of self-control play a key role in shaping an individual’s interest in taking a particular action.

Performance of Syariah Regional Development Banks in Indonesia: Maqashid Syariah Approach

Nafiz Maulana, Umiaty Hamzani — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Islamic banking in Indonesia continues to grow, yet its performance evaluation often overlooks the broader ethical and social objectives of Sharia principles. This study employs the Sharia Maqashid Index (SMI) and the Sharia Conformity and Profitability (SCnP) frameworks to evaluate the performance of Indonesia’s Islamic Regional Development Banks (BPD Syariah) from 2020 to 2024. It assesses both their adherence to sharia principles and their financial outcomes. Using a quantitative descriptive approach, the research analyzes secondary data drawn from the annual financial reports of BPD Syariah institutions. Findings indicate a positive relationship between the SMI and financial performance. For instance, Bank NTB Syariah and Bank Aceh Syariah demonstrate high levels of sharia compliance and strong profitability. In contrast, banks such as Bank Sumut and Bank Nagari, which show lower levels of sharia conformity, tend to be less profitable. These results highlight the importance of aligning sharia compliance with financial performance to ensure the long-term viability of Islamic banking. The study contributes to existing literature by integrating sharia compliance into financial performance evaluations of Islamic banks. It underscores the necessity of embedding Sharia governance and ethical banking practices into the core business strategies of BPD Syariah in Indonesia.

Sociological Analysis of Social Values in Short Stories Published in 2015

Zulfardi D — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Literary works, particularly short stories, often serve as cultural reflections that embody and transmit social values within society. In Indonesia, newspapers remain an important medium for disseminating literature to the public, offering both entertainment and moral insights. Recognizing this potential, this research seeks to explore the social values embedded in selected short stories published by Singgalang Newspaper in 2015. The primary objective is to identify and analyze the categories of social values portrayed in the seven best short stories published during that year. Employing a sociological approach and a qualitative descriptive method, the analysis is guided by Kluckhohn’s theoretical framework on cultural values. The findings indicate that six of the seven stories embody social values reflected in various aspects, including the pursuit of ethical and meaningful life, the importance of competence and productivity in work, the awareness of existence within space and time, the skillful use of nature’s resources, and the cultivation of harmonious relationships among people despite social differences. The study demonstrates that short stories in mass media not only entertain but also function as effective vehicles for reinforcing essential cultural and social values.

Smart Circular Agriculture: IoT and Zero-Waste for Digital Agriculture Implementation

Nanik Hidayati, Endah Ratnaningsih — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Smart Circular Agriculture links Internet of Things monitoring with zero-waste practices to improve efficiency and resilience. This study examines how the approach works in Sleman Regency and what sustains adoption. Using a qualitative explanatory sequential design, a descriptive survey mapped adoption, input efficiency, and waste handling. Follow-up interviews and field observations were then explained in terms of mechanisms, constraints, and enablers through the Miles and Huberman cycle. Findings show that moisture-triggered irrigation, app-based scheduling, and microclimate management reduced over-irrigation, stabilized nutrient dosing, and improved product uniformity. Circular routines, including residue composting, liquid organic fertilizer preparation, and simple water harvesting, lowered unmanaged organics and reduced purchased inputs. Complementarities between sensing-driven control and circular resource cycling were strongest in greenhouses, where reliability and quality premiums justified investment. Adoption reflected demographic and institutional contours; millennial farmers and enterprise-oriented producers led uptake, while diffusion depended on demonstration, maintenance, and financing. Smart Circular Agriculture is a pathway for digital transformation in Sleman. The study shows how digital feedback and circular flows co-produce agronomic benefits. Practice and policy should prioritize seasonal financing, after-sales service, integrated training, and standards for compost and liquid biofertilizer, while leveraging greenhouse clusters for scalable, sustained production.

Implementing Positive Discipline to Enhance Character Education in High Schools

Ani Khasbiyah, Dewi Apriani, Basukiyatno — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Education plays a crucial role in shaping students’ character, fostering traits like responsibility, discipline, and independence, beyond mere knowledge transfer. However, issues such as rule violations and lack of self-awareness among students highlight the need for effective character education strategies. This study aims to examine how positive discipline, a humanistic approach emphasizing self-awareness and responsibility without physical or verbal punishment, strengthens character education in high schools. Using a descriptive qualitative literature review, data were collected from journal articles, academic books, and official education reports. The findings indicate that positive discipline reduces disciplinary violations, enhances moral awareness, and creates a safe, inclusive school environment. Key supporting factors include consistent teacher practices, parental involvement, and a collaborative school culture, though challenges like punitive mindsets, time constraints, and low student awareness persist. The study concludes that positive discipline significantly enhances character education by promoting responsibility, independence, and moral integrity, offering a sustainable approach to cultivating well-rounded students. It provides practical strategies for schools to foster discipline humanely, aligning with national education goals to develop virtuous and skilled individuals, with potential to elevate character development to an excellent level.

Lex Injusta Non-Est Lex: Article 74 Trademark Law versus Constitutional Economic Democracy in Indonesia’s SME Protection

Ricky Thio, Siti Nur Azizah, Wagiman, Dyah Ersita Yustanti — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This research examines the structural contradiction between Article 74’s three-year trademark non-use cancellation provision in Law Number 20/2016 and the People-Based Economy principle of Article 33, 1945 Constitution. This capitalistic norm facilitated predatory litigation against vulnerable MSMEs, constituting philosophical lex injusta. Using normative juridical methodology with case and comparative law approaches, this study justifies arguments from the successful Constitutional Court petition. Constitutional Court Decision Number 144/PUU-XXI/2023 provides the judicial solution by extending non-use period to five years, resolving unconstitutionality. The study distinguishes Article 74’s objective non-use standard from Article 76’s subjective bad-faith element, establishing the former now prescribes constitutionally equitable timeframe. The five-year period aligns with SME business cycles for research, development, and market penetration, providing protection from premature cancellation threats. This judicial reform represents substantive constitutional justice, granting MSMEs legal certainty for intellectual asset development. The victory harmonizes Indonesia’s trademark law with People-Based Economy commitments. Primary recommendations include developing accessible evidentiary guidelines for trademark use documentation, particularly digital-based systems, and creating affordable platforms for SMEs to systematically document commercial activities, ensuring effective intellectual property defense within this equitable legal landscape.

Philosophical Re-examination of Labor Theory Beyond Economic Dimensions in Trademark Jurisprudence

Siti Nur Azizah, Ricky Thio — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

This research reconstructs the understanding of John Locke’s doctrine, which has conventionally been regarded as focusing solely on economic dimensions within property theory. Conventional scholarship positions Locke as a philosopher who neglects moral rights, in contrast to Hegel, who acknowledges both moral and economic dimensions. This research challenges this dichotomy by revealing that Locke actually paid significant attention to moral aspects within his labor theory, particularly in the context of trademark protection. The research methodology employs a normative juridical approach with in-depth philosophical analysis of Locke’s primary works, particularly Two Treatises of Government, and compares these with implementation in contemporary Indonesian trademark jurisprudence. The discussion finds that Locke’s labor theory contains strong moral foundations through concepts of natural law and human dignity. The research conclusion demonstrates that Locke’s doctrine genuinely integrates moral and economic rights coherently, providing more comprehensive philosophical justification for trademark protection. It is recommended that intellectual property law academics and practitioners abandon reductive interpretations of Locke and adopt a holistic understanding that recognizes moral dimensions within Indonesia’s trademark protection system.

Nutrition and Exercise Interventions for Stem Cell Exhaustion in Aging

Winona May Hendrata, I Made Muliarta — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Aging is characterized by progressive stem cell exhaustion, leading to impaired tissue regeneration and organ dysfunction. While stem cell transplantation has been extensively explored for aging interventions, preserving endogenous stem cell function through lifestyle strategies might offer a more sustainable approach. This review synthesizes current evidence on how nutritional interventions and physical exercise can mitigate stem cell decline by targeting shared aging pathways. The research method in this study uses narrative review with a systematic approach through literature search in PubMed, Scopus, and Springer Link databases, using combined keywords, MeSH terms, and snowballing techniques. Nutritional interventions, including caloric restriction and fasting-mimicking diets, enhance stem cell resilience through metabolic reprogramming involving AMPK, mTOR, and autophagy restoration. Plant-derived polyphenols such as fisetin and quercetin emerge as promising adjuncts, targeting senescence clearance and optimizing the stem cell niche. Exercise concurrently activates stem cells via mechanosensitive pathways and systemic factor release while also improving polyphenol bioavailability through enhanced tissue perfusion. Senolytic safety requires careful evaluation due to senescence’s tumor-suppressive role, while polyphenol bioavailability limitations may be addressed with nanocarriers and structural modifications. By integrating lifestyle and nutraceutical strategies, this multi-dimensional approach offers a roadmap for maintaining endogenous stem cell pools and extending healthspan.

Application of Computer Vision for Customer Insights: Demographics and Visit Duration in Coffee Shops

Faisal, Rachmat, Husna Saleh, Irfan, Muhammad As’ad — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The coffee shop industry is increasingly competitive, requiring business owners to adopt data-driven strategies rather than rely solely on intuition, as traditional approaches such as surveys and manual observation are often subjective, time-consuming, and lack scalability. This study aims to design, implement, and evaluate an end-to-end intelligent system based on computer vision to automatically and non-intrusively analyze customer demographics (age and gender) and visit duration (dwell time). The proposed framework emphasizes both technical accuracy and privacy-by-design principles, where facial data is processed in real time without storage, and only anonymized metadata is utilized for business analysis. Using a simulated 60-minute test video containing 50 virtual customers with balanced gender, varied age groups, and predetermined visit durations, the system was evaluated and demonstrated strong performance, achieving 96% accuracy in gender classification, 89% in age group classification, and a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of less than 45 seconds in dwell time measurement. The findings confirm that the ethical application of computer vision can provide valuable business insights, including the identification of demographic-based peak hours, the recognition of product preferences, and the optimization of spatial layouts, ultimately enabling coffee shops and SMEs to enhance competitiveness and profitability through data-driven decision-making.

IoT and Solar Powered Storage System for Agricultural Product Quality Enhancement

Aminatus Suhra, Nita Selvia Rohmayati, Imam Junaidi, Cindy Yulia Kartika Sari — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

Postharvest losses remain a critical issue for corn farmers in Sumenep Regency, particularly in Lenteng Timur Village, where traditional storage methods fail to maintain product quality. This study aimed to design and develop an Internet of Things (IoT)-based agricultural storage system powered by renewable energy to enhance product quality, extend shelf life, and reduce farmer losses. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) approach adapted from the Borg and Gall model, limited to six stages: problem identification, planning, prototype development, preliminary testing, revision, and main field testing. The system integrates DHT22 and MQ-135 sensors with an ESP32 microcontroller and a 200–300 Wp solar photovoltaic system. Field trials demonstrated that the IoT monitoring application provided real-time temperature, humidity, and gas concentration data with <2% deviation. The solar energy system generated 0.8–1.0 kWh/day, sufficient for continuous operation. Corn stored for 30 days in the IoT system exhibited 2.8% weight loss and 13–14% moisture content, compared to 7.4% weight loss and 16–18% moisture in traditional storage. User evaluation indicated high acceptance, with 90% of farmers reporting easier monitoring and 80% finding the system easy to use. These results suggest that integrating IoT and renewable energy in storage systems can effectively reduce postharvest losses, maintain crop quality, and promote sustainable agricultural practices. Further refinements are needed to enhance user-friendliness and backup energy capacity for broader implementation.

Decision-Making Systems in Smart Agriculture Based on Forecasting Supply Chain: A New Approach in the Business of Technopreneurship

Dedet Deperiky, Hadi Rafindo, Trio Candra Yoga — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

The agricultural sector contributes significantly to Indonesia’s economy 12.4% GDP, 29% workforce, yet faces persistent challenges including climate uncertainty, market fluctuations, and inefficient supply chains due to inadequate decision-making systems. This study aims to analyze the relationship between decision-making and agricultural supply chains integrated with technopreneurship, determine integrated strategies for improving efficiency and sustainability and develop plans to reduce crop failure risks and market demand uncertainty. A quantitative approach was employed using Structural Equation Modeling, Interpretive Structural Modeling and ARIMA forecasting methods with 300 farmer samples and 7 experts from Solok Regency, West Sumatra, during January-September 2025. SARIMAX models successfully predicted potato production and prices with high accuracy. ISM analysis identified hierarchical relationships among objectives, needs, constraints, activities, and actors, revealing seed independence and superior variety development as key drivers. Integrating forecasting-based decision-making systems with technopreneurship principles enhances agricultural supply chain efficiency, though data quality and model validation remain critical challenges.

Dynamics of Flourishing Buddhist Organization Culture: A Case Study on PATRIA Organization

Bonita Eka Dama Yanti, Sri Muliati Abdullah — Thu, 30 Oct 2025 00:00:00 +0000

A strong organizational culture is vital for youth organizations to thrive, especially those rooted in religious values, yet diverse member backgrounds can create challenges. This study aims to identify factors shaping the organizational culture and explore its development dynamics. Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected from October to December 2023 through observations, interviews, and documentation. Six participants, selected based on their active involvement and knowledge of the organization’s activities, provided insights into its culture. The findings reveal that motivation, participation, discipline, communication, support, achievement, satisfaction, and leadership drive the organization’s flourishing culture. These factors, influenced by Theravada Buddhist values like compassion and mindfulness, foster unity and commitment among members. Events such as Dhammacamp and Vesak celebrations highlight the organization’s success in promoting Buddhist teachings and youth development. In conclusion, the study shows that a culture grounded in Buddhist principles creates a positive environment, offering insights for other youth organizations. However, the small sample size and regional focus suggest further research to explore broader contexts.